The process involves preparing the surface of a canvas to receive paint. This preparation typically entails applying one or more layers of a substance, usually gesso, to create a suitable ground. For example, an artist might apply two coats of acrylic gesso to a raw canvas before beginning an oil painting.
Priming improves paint adhesion, prevents the canvas fibers from absorbing the paint, and contributes to the longevity of the artwork. Historically, rabbit skin glue was used as a size, followed by lead-based primers. These methods provided a stable base for oil paints but presented archival and health concerns.
